{"title":"Copper Coins","description":"\u003cp\u003eCopper and bronze coins from Afghanistan and the Islamic world, including civic coppers, falus, and paisa. Often the most affordable entry point into Afghan numismatics and historically fascinating in their own right.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"cstc-a22i","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Emirate. Amanullah, 1919-1929. Copper 3 Shahi (15 Paisa). Kabul, SH1300 (1921). \"Thin Letter\" Variety. KM-881.1.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper 3 Shahi — equivalent to 15 Paisa — was struck at the Kabul Mint in SH1300 (1921 AD) under Emir Amanullah Khan, one of the most ambitious and visionary rulers in Afghan history. Amanullah came to power in 1919 following the assassination of his father Habibullah Khan, and almost immediately launched the Third Anglo-Afghan War, winning full Afghan independence from British influence by the Treaty of Rawalpindi in August 1919. The SH1300 (1921) date places this coin squarely in the early years of that independent Afghanistan, struck as Amanullah was laying the groundwork for his ambitious modernization program.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as KM-881, this type was struck in copper, weighing 7.7 grams with a diameter of 32.2mm, and was produced from SH1298 through SH1300 (1919–1921). This specific example is the \"Thin Letter\" variety (KM-881.1), distinguished by finer, more delicate lettering in the Persian inscriptions — a die variety that appeals strongly to specialist collectors of Afghan coinage. The SH1300 date represents the final year of production for this type before it was succeeded by a revised coinage, adding further numismatic significance to this already scarce variety.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe obverse carries Persian lettering reading \"Al-Ghazi Amanullah\" — \"The Conqueror Amanullah\" — reflecting the triumphant title Amanullah adopted following Afghanistan's hard-won independence. The reverse features a mosque within a seven-pointed star, surrounded by stars, with Arabic lettering denoting the denomination.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe 3 Shahi denomination equaled 15 Paisa or one quarter of an Abbasi, placing it in active circulation as a mid-value everyday coin. Examples of the Thin Letter variety in collectible condition are genuinely scarce, making this an attractive piece for the specialist.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45661948706873,"sku":"CSTC-A22I","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/DBD90383-F3D2-4631-A0FD-D0CF05315FDD.jpg?v=1775105207"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30q","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699258613817,"sku":"CSTC-A30Q","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/76955FCF-8F80-4635-ABDA-B5788B18385D.jpg?v=1778966144"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30r","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.38 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262349369,"sku":"CSTC-A30R","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/70DD2B2F-D994-4D5F-9FA4-4B32C4C2C3D1.jpg?v=1778966180"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30s","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.51 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262382137,"sku":"CSTC-A30S","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/4153467E-F3BF-4E33-8802-85681B3B9985.jpg?v=1778966210"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30t","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.39 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262414905,"sku":"CSTC-A30T","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/5913073A-18DC-4D01-9B9A-3C7CB9ED2EC7.jpg?v=1778966245"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30u","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.29 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262447673,"sku":"CSTC-A30U","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/4D9BCECF-2D9C-4DC9-AECE-283BE055E2F9.jpg?v=1778966283"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30v","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (5.26 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262480441,"sku":"CSTC-A30V","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/7A195789-5C43-4E95-B454-9D45C38A87D3.jpg?v=1778966317"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30w","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.80 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262545977,"sku":"CSTC-A30W","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/3719F079-91DD-4967-9C87-08C14DF23FEF.jpg?v=1778966344"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30x","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.87 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262578745,"sku":"CSTC-A30X","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/A509FFDF-735D-4606-9F7D-1F228BFAF422.jpg?v=1778966544"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30y","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.08 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262644281,"sku":"CSTC-A30Y","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/EE92B89E-4799-4600-ACD2-0F0816E22FCC.jpg?v=1778967049"},{"product_id":"cstc-a30z","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.17 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262677049,"sku":"CSTC-A30Z","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/879576DE-9C75-4793-83E7-205FB7A83559.jpg?v=1778967075"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31a","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.93 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262709817,"sku":"CSTC-A31A","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/57DBF39E-253B-4799-BB03-CEEDD25A0A7F.jpg?v=1778967103"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31b","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.78 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262742585,"sku":"CSTC-A31B","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/5155CC5F-2DFF-4BBB-833C-7F927EFEDCB2.jpg?v=1778967129"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31c","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.20 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262775353,"sku":"CSTC-A31C","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/B20556B6-E25A-4F32-809F-155584FF2CF9.jpg?v=1778967155"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31d","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.58 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699262808121,"sku":"CSTC-A31D","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/5145267E-F39D-4F05-9C48-80FC7576A6BE.jpg?v=1778967201"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31e","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.22 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699263660089,"sku":"CSTC-A31E","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/F5791D4B-5517-4187-996B-3F7306D4E7A1.jpg?v=1778967231"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31f","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.58 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265265721,"sku":"CSTC-A31F","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/A6495CEC-7B3E-409C-BEC4-60DD1D52E34F.jpg?v=1778967257"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31g","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265298489,"sku":"CSTC-A31G","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/1088569E-13E5-4677-AAC6-9D167A6E0AE0.jpg?v=1778967287"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31h","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.28 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265331257,"sku":"CSTC-A31H","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/3ECF81F4-33F4-468C-BE7B-F2BF9EF0E766.jpg?v=1778967481"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31i","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.48 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265364025,"sku":"CSTC-A31I","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/E0C14183-3ACA-4167-8E36-A366064A7C03.jpg?v=1778967523"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31j","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.86 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265396793,"sku":"CSTC-A31J","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/73DB118B-E404-4DC3-B25C-1ABA2817A45F.jpg?v=1778967614"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31k","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.62 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265429561,"sku":"CSTC-A31K","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/BC327874-F1F6-499D-ABB1-124CF16A0558.jpg?v=1778967652"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31l","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.90 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265462329,"sku":"CSTC-A31L","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/471A184F-8D0B-46E4-AB96-DBD3D800EF10.jpg?v=1778967694"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31m","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265495097,"sku":"CSTC-A31M","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/536EFB2B-5167-4A12-9B71-9366EA4697A3.jpg?v=1778967741"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31n","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.10 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265527865,"sku":"CSTC-A31N","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/B9177C8F-5DEB-4542-810B-98FC99E63386.jpg?v=1778967769"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31o","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265560633,"sku":"CSTC-A31O","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/66E89A64-3751-4229-8169-845D890DA250.jpg?v=1778967863"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31p","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.96 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265593401,"sku":"CSTC-A31P","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/04CBB133-1778-4CF4-8E5B-D89B31B6B9C7.jpg?v=1778967896"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31q","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265626169,"sku":"CSTC-A31Q","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/CE49EFEA-44D9-43B8-8FDD-0BB35FB204E7.jpg?v=1778967924"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31r","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (2.94 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265658937,"sku":"CSTC-A31R","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/E621F091-103E-47D2-88F6-455F2BC45335.jpg?v=1778967957"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31s","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (5.12 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265790009,"sku":"CSTC-A31S","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/4123FC92-2D41-4C37-959E-D2453D2EF952.jpg?v=1778967990"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31t","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.61 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265822777,"sku":"CSTC-A31T","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/7AFC5019-58FD-4A04-AAB5-9394D1DC9E07.jpg?v=1778968359"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31u","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.92 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699265986617,"sku":"CSTC-A31U","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/450F738F-6462-44FA-8B62-8F7ABA361D64.jpg?v=1778968399"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31v","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.58 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699267985465,"sku":"CSTC-A31V","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/DF662B26-38F6-44F0-A33F-57D97171B912.jpg?v=1778968429"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31w","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.28 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268116537,"sku":"CSTC-A31W","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/327BFF29-D49B-4C72-B2D4-6A21BF563A59.jpg?v=1778968456"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31x","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.28 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268214841,"sku":"CSTC-A31X","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/091ADF82-5AF3-4953-A176-5A1CBF1D40D0.jpg?v=1778968481"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31y","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.05 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268313145,"sku":"CSTC-A31Y","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/7107E674-62F3-4BD5-A52E-359A8F90D508.jpg?v=1778968549"},{"product_id":"cstc-a31z","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268444217,"sku":"CSTC-A31Z","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/C0AAA253-D6A1-462B-9580-37FA2B5C1B2F.jpg?v=1778968594"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32a","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.84 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268542521,"sku":"CSTC-A32A","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/772CB38B-BD9F-48E2-AE3A-81F9530360D1.jpg?v=1778968627"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32b","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.85 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268739129,"sku":"CSTC-A32B","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/A1DEEC0B-3FA6-419C-A37D-8B602119CBB2.jpg?v=1778968939"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32c","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.88 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268837433,"sku":"CSTC-A32C","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/5684D691-95B5-4C55-88FD-4E4443BDDCAA.jpg?v=1778968974"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32d","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699268968505,"sku":"CSTC-A32D","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/98EAB63B-33EB-4C5D-A9F3-1F946BAD3D9B.jpg?v=1778969014"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32e","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.10 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699269361721,"sku":"CSTC-A32E","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/23E2DF6E-1696-49CF-A43A-71560C74CE9F.jpg?v=1778969049"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32f","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (5.26 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699269492793,"sku":"CSTC-A32F","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/A7F54EF6-5940-4B4F-BE94-E3E94E320412.jpg?v=1778969086"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32g","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.66 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699269656633,"sku":"CSTC-A32G","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/2605EA42-D722-4747-BF0E-EE999132BBA9.jpg?v=1778969140"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32h","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.00 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699269820473,"sku":"CSTC-A32H","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/EA3E9C67-3508-47B3-82ED-A94AB62F70E1.jpg?v=1778969190"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32i","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (4.22 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699269951545,"sku":"CSTC-A32I","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/9526A3EA-B727-46E2-BDD0-3622D1AFE15C.jpg?v=1778969215"},{"product_id":"cstc-a32j","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Civic Copper Falus (3.88 g.). Herat, AH1227 (1812). C\/M \"Rayij\" (Current). KM-44. A-3235.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copper falus was struck at the Herat Mint circa AH1227 (1812 AD), a product of the anonymous civic copper coinage tradition that flourished in Herat across several centuries. Civic copper coins like this falus were produced locally to facilitate small-denomination commerce in the bazaars of Herat, one of the great historic cities of the Islamic world and a major center of trade, culture, and scholarship in Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis example carries an official \u003cstrong\u003erayij counterstamp\u003c\/strong\u003e applied by the Afghan state, serving as an authoritative validation mark that authorized the coin for circulation within Afghan territory. Far from a simple merchant mark, the rayij counterstamp represents a deliberate act of monetary policy, transforming locally produced civic copper into officially sanctioned currency — a practice that reflects the pragmatic and decentralized nature of coinage administration in early 19th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCatalogued as \u003cstrong\u003eAlbum Islamic A-3235\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eKM-44\u003c\/strong\u003e, this type features legends on both sides with the Herat mint name on the reverse. The coin's weight is consistent with the weight range documented for this type. These coins were hand-struck and display the characteristic irregularities of pre-industrial Islamic copper coinage — no two examples are identical, and each carries its own unique character from the striking process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHerat's civic copper coinage is a specialist field within Islamic and Afghan numismatics, attracting collectors drawn to the city's remarkable history as a crossroads of Persian, Timurid, Safavid, and Durrani culture. This falus is an accessible and authentic piece of that story.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699270049849,"sku":"CSTC-A32J","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/5AEB7D05-813A-48AD-B5CC-87ED89020A8F.jpg?v=1778969240"},{"product_id":"cstc-a33h","title":"AFGHANISTAN. Emirate. Habibullah. Copper Paisa (4.04 g). Qandahar. AH1322 (1904). C\/S Iran 50 Dinar (KM-833). KM-960.2.","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis remarkable copper coin is a genuine piece of numismatic history in the most literal sense — a coin struck upon a coin. Catalogued as KM-960.2, this is an Afghan falus (paisa) produced at the Qandahar Mint in AH1322 (1904 AD) by counterstamping an Iranian 50 Dinar (KM-833) host coin, transforming it into an official denomination of the Emirate of Afghanistan. The coin weighs \u003cstrong\u003e4.04 grams\u003c\/strong\u003e, consistent with the recorded weight range for this type, and the larger flan of the Iranian host coin is visible beneath the Afghan counterstamp — giving this piece its distinctive two-identity character that makes it so compelling to collectors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe counterstamp carries a Persian legend reading \"Zarb Qandahar 1322\" along with the regnal year 3, identifying the Qandahar Mint and tying the coin directly to the third year of Habibullah's reign. The practice of counterstamping foreign or locally available coins was a pragmatic monetary solution in frontier regions where minting resources were limited, and examples like this one offer a vivid window into the economic realities of early 20th century Afghanistan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eHabibullah Khan was the Emir of Afghanistan from 1901 until his assassination in 1919. The eldest son of Emir Abdur Rahman Khan, he succeeded his father by right of primogeniture and pursued a relatively reform-minded course, working to modernize Afghanistan and ease tensions with British India. In 1904 — the very year this coin was struck — Habibullah founded the Habibia School in Kabul, Afghanistan's first modern secondary school, and a military academy, reflecting his broader ambitions for the country.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe host coin, an Iranian 50 Dinar of the Qajar dynasty, itself carries historical weight as a product of the neighboring Persian Empire, making this counterstruck paisa a fascinating cross-border artifact that bridges the monetary worlds of two great Islamic states. The fact that the Qandahar Mint specifically used Iranian coins as blanks speaks to the deep commercial and geographic ties between southern Afghanistan and Persia during this period — Qandahar's proximity to the Iranian border made Qajar copper coins a natural and readily available raw material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eFor the advanced collector of Afghan coinage, Islamic numismatics, or Qajar-era Persian coins, this counterstruck paisa occupies a uniquely specialized niche. It is simultaneously an Afghan coin and an Iranian coin, a frontier artifact and an official emission, and a tangible record of the monetary improvisation that defined coinage in early 20th century Central Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45699441721401,"sku":"CSTC-A33H","price":135.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0787\/1568\/2873\/files\/F5EBF8A4-3198-4067-BACC-98086698D6B7.jpg?v=1779143093"}],"url":"https:\/\/chickenstreettrading.com\/collections\/copper-coins.oembed","provider":"Chicken Street Trading Co.","version":"1.0","type":"link"}